英语医学翻译中常常把代词用在句中这一代词所代替的名词之前(一般是在主从复合句中,当从句在前,主句在后时,常在从句中用代词,在主句中用名词),但中文则没有这种表达习惯,因此常易误译.
例如下面这段中英文翻译:
Althqugh we cannot see it, there is air all round Us.
[原译]虽然我们看不见它,但我们周围到处都是空气。
[改译]虽然我们看不见空气,但我们周围到处都是空气.
[说明]上句中的代词 it代表的是下文中的名词air.在这种情况下翻译时应该把名词译在前面,把代词译在后面(有时可以省略不译,有时需要重复名词)。
在医学翻译方面,代词怎么处理哪,看下面英文医学翻译内容:
If they succeed in overcoming the body's natural defense. the organisms can cause damage in two ways: by producing toxins and by entering the body tissues and growing within them.
如果微生物成功地战胜了人体的自然防御机制,即能以两种方式造成损害:一种是产生毒素,另一种是进入人体组织,并在其中生长。
Although they are in no way pathognomonic of acute pancreatitis, certain roentgenographic abnormaities are encountered with sufficient frequency to suggesi the diagnosis.
虽然X线摄影所发现的某些异常决非急性胰腺炎的特殊病征,但往往能对确诊起提示作用.
As it circulates in the body, the blood carries various materials to and from all living cells.
当血液在体内循环时,它把各种物质输入和带出所有活的细胞。
Although they did not like it,nearly all of them were vaccinated,
尽管他们不喜欢接种疫苗,但他们几乎全部都作了接种。
[说明] it 指代主句中的谓语。
When it is not in use, cover the instrument with a piece of cloth in order to keep the dust out.
仪器不用时应用布盖好,以防粘上灰尘。
Since its formation the earth has been undergoing changcs.
地球形成以来,一直经历着各种变化。
Because of their smal size, we know less about viruses than we do abotlt bacteria.
由于病毒体积小,大家对它的了解不如对细菌的了解多。